What is a common side effect of chemotherapy due to its action on rapidly dividing cells?

Chemotherapy targets rapidly dividing cells in both cancerous and non-cancerous tissues. One of the common side effects of this treatment is nausea and vomiting, which stems from its effects on the gastrointestinal system and the central nervous system. The cells lining the gastrointestinal tract divide quickly, making them vulnerable to the toxic effects of chemotherapy. As a result, damage to these cells can disrupt normal digestion and lead to feelings of nausea and the act of vomiting.

Additionally, certain chemotherapy agents can stimulate the chemoreceptor trigger zone in the brain, which further contributes to these symptoms. Understanding the biological basis of these side effects is crucial for managing patient care effectively and helping them cope with the treatment process.